Marxism

tax.
3. Abolition of all rights of inheritance.
4. Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels.
5. Centralization of credit in the banks of the state, by means of a national bank with state capital and an exclusive monopoly.
6. Centralization of the means of communication and transport in the hands of the state.
7. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the state; the bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan.
8. Equal obligation of all to work. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture.
9. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries; gradual abolition of all the distinction between town and country by a more

application of all rents of land to public purposes.
2. A heavy progressive or graduated income

. What did it say that seemed so important and revolutionary? The key demands, in the authors’ own words, were ...
1. Abolition of property in land and ap

So, however readers might interpret a newspaper article about a strike, the important thing for Marxists is that it is in a newspaper which is owned and controlled by someone who has a “hegemonic” point of view and wishes to promote that view. Postmodernists cannot see patterns in society.

Gramsci thought that a frontal attack on an unpopular autocratic regime, such as Tsarist Russia, had a good chance of success. But in liberal democratic societies the struggle would be longer and would involve ideas and culture, rather than just politics and economics

“In communist society, where nobody has one exclusive sphere of activity... society regulates the general production and thus makes it possible for me to do one thing today and another tomorrow, to hunt in the morning, fish in the afternoon, rear cattle in the evening, criticize after dinner, just as I have in mind, without ever becoming hunter, herdsman or critic.”

d a unique and radical view of history. Most historians and philosophers prior to Hegel had seen it as a random and contingent series of events linked in a crudely causal way